Essay --

INTRO state the q actuate it history factsA number of EU members have implemented environmental tax reforms (ETRs) which are defined as a reform of the bailiwick tax system that shift the tax burden from taxation of chore to taxation of carbon-energy, and the reforms were first introduced in Scandinavian countries since 1990 and then applied in other European countries, such as, Germany and Britain (PTAK, 2010 COMETR, 2007). This project summarizes an assessment of the German ETR and its magnetic core on technological innovation by trying to answer the interrogation question Did the German ETR increase technological innovation? The question is motivate by general environmental considerations, for instance, slowing down the global heating plant by reducing energy enjoyments and carbon emissions. My papers come in is to assess the effect of the German ERTs on technology innovation take aim specifically, and this is motivated by the following relevant facts. The German ETR was launched in April 1999, and it has been pick out in Germany for more than ten years thus, there are smokestack of avail sufficient data for us to assess the impacts of this ETR regarding to German governments motivations. This ETR was proposed because the German government wanted to increase technology innovation, to create additive jobs, and to decrease energy consumption (Agnolucci, 2009 Beuermann and Santarius, 2006). Moreover, it is important for us to assess the impacts of ETRs from antithetic angles, for example, the level of technology innovation, rather than assessing the impacts on the level of energy consumption and body of work that abundant papers have discussed. The rest of the paper is nonionised as follows. Section 2 presents a literature review of the cerebrate literature ... ...atively hence, it can be concluded that the ETR in Germany had a plus impact on reducing energy consumption, and the effect on employment is overall small and can be positive (Agnolu cci, 2009)..however.Moreover, Agnolucci applied an econometric approach to assess the effect of the environmental tax reforms introduced in Germany and the UK, particularly their effects on energy consumptions and employment level. In this paper, the fountain modelled his data by sorting them into the following various economics subsectors Textiles and trounce (TXT) Pulp, paper and printing (PPP) Rubber and plastics (RP) Non-metallic minerals (NMM) Machinery (MAC) Electrical and optical equipment (ELE) Wholesale and retail trade (TRA) which covered almost the whole spectrum of manufacturing activity. Therefore, I am able to use these subsectors later in my solving process.